Notes on Hundred Years' War

1. NOT a hundred years long
2. 1337 to 1453
3. Edward III -- his land in France was confiscated by the French. Philip the VI confiscated the land and Edward in turn questions Philip's right to the throne of France.
4. Cause - the overseas possessions of the English, battles over land
5. In 1204, King John signed away English rights to any holdings in Normandy and Northern France
6. Henry III signed the Treat of Paris in 1259 giving up the land for good but keeping Gascony
7. At the same time, England was fighting the Sots (Rob Bruce and Wallace)
8. The ally to the Scots was France, they were allies to destabilize England
9. Philip VI of France sees this as him moment to confiscate the remaining British land
10. Edward III challenged Philip's right, and the war STARTS
11. Not only doe she question Philip as the ruler, but he has himself declared King of France

Edward III and the Black Prince

12. Edward sees that the French princes are dissatisfied with the Monarchy
13. Amount these princes were the Flemings - between the Flemings and the Montforts making claims on British lands
14. There were raids back and forth between England and France at this time
15. The England were moving down into France
16. Edward III did strike a major victory at the city of Crécy and then a successful siege of Calais
17. Edward III has had major victories and he makes a move into the city of Rheims
18. First of treaties of war - Treaty of Brétigny = treaty was that France should pay the British money and in return Edward III will drop his claim to the French throne

The Road to Agincourt

19. 1369 = treaty breaks down
20. New king in France = Charles V who has a very influencial right hand man, his constable, Bertrand du Guesclin
• They manages to kick the British out of some of the remaining aread of Aquitaine, but Charles V dies only 11 years into this, and there was the rise of a new English king, Richard I
21. The people of England and France were growing weary of the war. It is no 1380. Richard nearly gained a permanent peace with France.
22. Richard II loses the kingship and the rivalry is between the aristocracies and Britain and France look like they are going to plunge each other into even deeper war
23. 1413, Henry V takes British back into France for the purpose of finalizing this thing
24. Henry V meets the French at Agincourt on October 25, 1415
25. The English army is vastly outnumbered by the French
26. Henry is vastly outnumber
27. They fight the French and defeat them - one of the greatest victories in English history
28. Does not completely end the war but does a great deal to greatly improve the morale of the Englaish - turning point in war
29. Several French cities fall to the English, the city of Ruan - capital of Normandy

Joan of Arc and English Defeat

30. The plan is to go into the Lorie Valley.
31. In the Valley there is going to be a number of great battles.
32. The Franco-Scot alliances is the French and the Scots
33. John Duke of Bedford defeated Charles -and those forces at the Battle of Vernueil - effectively splits apart the alliance
34. By 1425, the English clean up and go home victorious
35. English troops besieged town of Orleans in 1428 and it looked like they could starve the French out
36. 1429 - Joan of Arc has voices in her head that told her to lead troops against the English
37. She convinces the French to take on the English
38. She leads a relief force to Orleans and beats the British
39. Joan of Arc was ultimately captured by the English
40. The French, thanks to Joan of Arc, take the Valley back
41. Truce in 1444 which brought the fighting to a close, agreed at Tours
42. Henry VI and the French Princess Margaret would get marred, but that doesn’t work out
43. 1449 - response to English force sacking French village
44. 1149 and 1451 he defeated the British in Normandy and returned to Gascony and Charles VII beats British there
45. Final battle between Charles VII, France and John Talbot - they fight in 1453 and Talbot is killed and his army destroyed
46. All of French are in French hands and war is over

Nationalism developed during the war. You were defined by your king and queen and your country. It is the beginning of modern Europe.

DBQ - English and the Scots

Question: What do the following primary sources tell us about English views of the Scots and the Scots' views of themselves? Please write a DBQ.

England and Scotland faced years of battle and confrontation. The English did not like the Scots, and the Scots viewed highly of themselves as warriors, heroes, and later - free people.

Scottish patriot and national hero William Wallace was disliked by the English. They viewed him as a horrific man who had committed cruel and insane crimes. Robert the Bruce was another powerful man that was looked down upon by the English. England thought that Scotland brought their trouble onto themselves and did not like them.

Although the Scots have faced danger and trouble, they considered themselves heroes because they made it through all of the wars and battles they faced. The Scots looked greatly of themselves and believed that Jesus Christ called them almost the first to his most holy faith.

The Scots believed that they should not fight for glory or honor, but for freedom, and only freedom. The Scots were proud to fight for their freedom and maintain it. They knew they were strong enough to stand up to whatever came their way.

Scotland is a proud country that fought for its freedom. The Scots were happy with the country they

became. England did not like the Scots and did not like those such as William Wallace and Robert the Bruce.